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5
horseshoe shaped permanent magnet at 4 and the magnetic flux therethrough
is indicated by arrows 5, the magnetic flow being from the south pole to
the north pole and through the magnetic material. The accumulated electron
spins occurring about the diameter of the magnet 5 are represented at 6 in
FIG. 4, and the spinning electron particles spin at right angles in the iron
as the flux travels through the magnet material.
By utilizing the electron spinning theory of ferrous material
electrons, it is possible with the proper ferro-magnetic materials, geometry
and magnetic concentration to utilize the spinning electrons to produce a
motive force in a continuous direction, thereby resulting in a motor capable
of doing work.
It is appreciated that the embodiments of motors utilizing the
concepts of the invention may take many forms, and in the illustrated forms
the basic relationships of components are illustrated in order to disclose
the inventive concepts and principles.
The relationships of the plurality of magnets defining the stator
10 are best appreciated from FIGS. 5 through 8. The stator magnets 12 are
preferably of a rectangular configuration, FIG. 8, and so magnetized that
the poles exist at the large surfaces of the magnets, as will be appreciated
from the N (North) and S (South) designations. The stator magnets include
side edges 14 and 16 and end edges 18. The statormagnets are mounted upon
a supporting plate 20, which is preferably of a metal having a high permeability
to magnetic fields and magnetic flux such as that available under the trademark
Netic CoNetic sold by Perfection Mica Company of Chicago, Illinois. Thus,
the plate 20 will be disposed toward the south pole of the stator magnets
12, and preferably in direct engagement therewith, although a bonding material
may be interposed between the magnets and the plate in order to accurately
locate and fix the magnets on the plate, and position the stator magnets
with respect to each other.
Preferably, the spacing between the stator magnets 12 slightly
differs between adjacent stator magnets as such a variation in spacing varies
the forces being imposed upon the armature magnet at its ends, at any given
time, and thus results in a smoother movement of the armature magnet relative
to the stator magnets. Thus, the stator magnets so positioned relative to
each other define a track 22 having a longitudinal direction left to right
as viewed in FIGS. 5 through 8.
In FIGS. 5 through 7 only a single armature magnet 24 is disclosed,
while in FIG. 8 a pair of armature magnets are shown. For purposes of
understanding the concepts of the invention the description herein will be
limited to the use of single armature magnet as shown in FIGS. 5 through
7.
The armature magnet is of an elongated configuration wherein
the length extends from left to right, FIG. 5, and may be of
a rectangular transverse cross-sectional shape. For magnetic field
concentrating and orientation purposes the magnet 24 is formed in an arcuate
bowed configuration as defined by concave surfaces 26 and convex surfaces
28, and the poles are defined at the ends of the magnet as will
be appreciated fromFIG. 5. For further magnetic field concentrating
purposes the ends of the armature magnet are shaped by beveled surfaces
30 to minimize the cross sectional area at the magnet ends 32, and the
magnetic flux existing between the poles of the armature magnet are as indicated
by the light dotted lines. In like manner the magnetic fields of
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6
the stator magnets 12 are indicated by the light dotted lines.
The armature magnet 24 is maintained in a spaced relationship
above the stator track 22. This spacing may be accomplished by mounting the
armature magnet upon a slide, guide or track located above the stator magnets,
or the armature magnet could be mounted upon a wheeled vehicle carriage or
slide supported upon a nonmagnetic surface or guideway disposed between the
stator magnets and the armature magnet. To clarify the illustration, the
means for supporting the armature magnet 24 is not illustrated and such means
form no part of invention, and it is to be understood that the means supporting
the armature magnet prevents the armature magnet from moving away from the
stator magnets, or moving closer thereto, but permits free movement of the
armature magnet to the left or right in a direction parallel to the track
22 defined by the stator magnets.
It will be noted that the length of the armature magnet 24 is
slightly greater than the width of two of the stator magnets 12 and the spacing
therebetween. The magnetic forces acting upon the armature magnet when in
the position of FIG. 5 will be repulsion forces 34 due to the proximity of
like polarity forces and attraction forces at 36 because of the opposite
polarity of the south pole of the armature magnet, and the north pole field
of the sector magnets. The relative strength of this force is represented
by the thickness of the force line.
The resultant of the force vectors imposed upon the armature
magnet as shown in FIG. 5 produce a primary force vector 38 toward the left,
FIG. 5, displacing the armature magnet 24 toward the left. In FIG. 6 the
magnetic forces acting upon the armature magnet are represented by the same
reference numerals as in FIG. S. While the forces 34 constitute repulsion
forces tending to move the north pole of the armature magnet away from the
stator magnets, the attraction forces imposed upon the south pole of the
armature magnet and some of the repulsion forces, tend to move the armature
magnet further to the left, and as the resultant force 38 continues to be
toward the left the armature magnet continues to be forced to the left. FIG.
7 represents further displacement of the armature magnet 24 to the left with
respect to the position of FIG. 6, and the magnetic forces acting thereon
are represented by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the
stator magnet will continue to move to the left, and such movement continues
the length of the track 22 defined by the stator magnets 12.
Upon the armature magnet being reversed such that the north
pole is positioned at the right as viewed in FIG. 5, and the south pole is
positioned at the left, the direction of movement of the armature magnet
relative to the stator magnets is toward the right, and the theory of movement
is identical to that described above.
In FIG. 8 a plurality of armature magnets 40 and 42 are illustrated
which are connected by links 44. The armature magnets are of a shape and
configuration identical to that of the embodiment of FIG. 5, but the magnets
are staggered with respect to each other in the direction of magnet movement,
i.e., the direction of the track 22 defined by the stator magnets 12. By
so staggering a plurality of armature magnets a smoother movement of the
interconnected armature magnets is produced as compared when using a single
armature magnet as there is variation in the forces acting upon each armature
magnet as it moves above the track 22 due to
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