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PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR
FEILD OF THE INVENTION
The invention pertains to the field of permanent magnet
motor devices solely using the magnetic fields created thereby to product
motive power.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventional electric motors employ magnetic forces to
produce either rotative or linear motion. Electric motors operate on the
principal that when a conductor is located in a magnetic field which carries
current a magnetic force is exerted upon it.
Normally, in a conventional electric motor, the rotor, or stator,
or both, are so wired that magnetic fields created by electromagnets may
employ attraction, repulsion, or both types of magnetic forces, to impose
a force upon the armature to cause rotation, or to cause the armature to be
displaced in a linear path. Conventional electric motors may employ
permanent magnets either in the armature or stator components,
but in the art heretofore known the use of permanent magnets in either the
stator or armature require the creation of an electromagnetic field to act
upon the field produced by the permanent magnets, and switching means are
employed to control the energization of the electromagnets and the orientation
of the magnetic fields, to produce the motive power.
It is my belief that the full potential of magnetic forces
existing in permanent magnets has not been recognized or utilized because
of incomplete information and theory with respect to atomic motion occurring
within a permanent magnet. It is my belief that a presently unnamed
atomic particle is associated with the electron movement of a superconducting
electromagnet and the lossless current flow of Amperian currents in permanent
magnets. The unpaired electron flow is similar in both situations. This small
particle is believed to be opposite in charge and to be located at right
angles to the moving electron, and the particle would be very small to penetrate
all known elements in their various states as well as their known compounds,
unless they have unpaired electrons which capture these particles as they
endeavor to pass therethrough.
Ferro electrons differ from those of most elements in that they
are unpaired, and being unpaired they spin around the nucleus in such a way
that they respond to magnetic fields as well as creating one themselves.
If they were paired, their magnetic fields would cancel out. However, being
unpaired they create a measurable magnetic field if their spins have been
oriented in one direction. The spins are at right angles to their magnetic
fields.
In niobium superconductors at a critical state, the magnetic
lines of force cease to be at right angles. This change must be due to
establishing the required conditions for unpaired electronic spins instead
of electron flow in the conductor, and the fact that very powerful
electromagnets that can be formed with superconductors illustrates the tremendous
advantage of producing the magnetic field by unpaired electron spins rather
than conventional electron flow.
In a superconducting metal, wherein the electrical resistance
becomes greater in the metal than the proton resistance, the flow turns to
electron spins and the positive particles flow parallel in the metal in the
manner occurring in a permanent magnet where a powerful
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flow of magnetic positive particles or magnetic flux causes the unpaired
electrons to spin at right angles. Under cryogenic superconduction conditions
the freezing of the crystals in place makes possible for the spins
to continue, and in a permanent magnet the grain orientation of the
magnetized material results in the spins permitting them to continue and
for the flux to flow parallel to the metal.
In a superconductor, at first the electron is flowing and the
positive particle is spinning; later, when critical, the reverse occurs,
i.e., the electron is spinning and the positive particle is flowing at right
angles. These positive particles will thread or work their way through the
electron spins present in the metal.
In a sense, a permanent magnet may be considered the only room
temperature superconductor. It is a superconductor because the electron flow
does not cease, and this electron flow can be made to do work because of
the magnetic field it supplies. Previously, this source of power has not
been used because it was not possible to modify the electron flow to accomplish
the switching functions of the magnetic field. Such switching functions are
common in a conventional electric motor where electrical current is employed
to align the much greater electron current in the iron pole pieces and
concentrate the magnetic field at the proper places to give the thrust necessary
to move the motor armature. In a conventional electric motor, switching is
accomplished by the use of brushes, commutators, alternating current, or
other known means.
In order to accomplish the switching function in a permanent
magnet motor, it is necessary to shield the magnetic leakage so that it will
not appear as too great a loss factor at the wrong places. The best method
to accomplish this is to use the superconductor of magnetic flux and concentrate
it to the place where it will be the most effective. Timing and switching
can be achieved in a permanent magnet motor by concentrating the flux and
using the proper geometry of the motor rotor and stator to make most effective
use of the magnetic fields generated by the electron spins. By the proper
combination of materials, geometry and magnetic concentration, it is
possible to achieve a mechanical advantage of high ratio, greater than
100 to 1, capable of producing continuous motive force.
To my knowledge, previous work done with permanent magnets,
and motive devices utilizing permanent magnets, have not achieved the result
desired in the practice of the inventive concept, and it is with the proper
combination of materials, geometry and magnetic concentration that the presence
of the magnetic spins within a permanent magnet may be utilized as a motive
force.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to utilize the magnetic spinning
phenomenon of unpaired electrons occurring in ferro magnetic material to
produce the movement of a mass in a unidirectional manner as to permit a
motor to be driven solely by magnetic forces as occurring within permanent
magnets. In the practice of the inventive concepts, motors of either linear
or rotative types may be produced. It is an object of the invention to provide
the proper combination of materials, geometry and magnetic concentration
to utilize the force generated by unpaired electron spins existing in permanent
magnets to power a motor. Whether the motor constitutes a linear embodiment...
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