Text: "Dr. Bowne, the orthodox Dean of the Boston University, in his answer to Herbert Spencer, answering the question, "What is Force?" tells us: "Not gravitation, nor electricity, nor chemical affinity, but will, is the typical idea of force. Self-determination, volition is the essence of the only causation we know. Will is the sum-total of the dynamic idea: it either stands for that or nothing. Now science professes itself unable to interpret nature without this metaphysical idea of power. The experiments made by Professor Barker and others, which are said to establish the identity of heat and mental force, really prove only a correlation between heat and the nervous action which attends thinking. Nervous action and heat correlate, but the real point is to prove that nervous action and mental force correlate. This has never been done." [Keely and His Discoveries]

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