Text: "The Cycloid-Space-Curve-Motion Cycle of Atomic Transitions - as discovered by the Austrian Physicist Viktor Schauberger" by Paul E Potter Very briefly, Schauberger engineered several types of machines that would create an up-current of axially-spinning air so powerful that the up-current's drag force would speed the whole machine higher and higher into the air. Of the many different types of air turbines he made several of them boasted a thrust force of nearly 10,000 bhp - simply by moving air. Some designers have utilised Schauberger's special turbines for flight and new research suggests that there indeed is a strong case for the continuation and re-establishment of Schauberger's research into these hugely beneficial technologies. Central to any understanding of Schauberger's levitating force is his use of the cycloid-space-curve, which initially he used to generate a dual flow of fluid through a pipe (see note 1) - of an inner axial flow which moved faster through the pipe than did its peripheral flow which was especially directed into a cycloid path next to the pipe wall (see Schauberger's patent 134543). In this flow-separation lay the secret of the inducement of what Schauberger referred to as implosion - a force opposite to but many more times more powerful than ex-plosion. This unique force though was merely one stage in a whole cycle of transitions resulting in a thermo-electric process that transformed ordinary air, water, or sea-water into a super-biomagneto-kinetic force. The pipe gives one example of how Schauberger brought about what he referred to as a "fermentation" and a "cold-oxidising" processing of, as in this case, natural water. The same principle, as will be seen further below, could be applied to normal atmospheric air. Using his terminology his task was to segregate the carbone and the oxygene particles of water or fluid, process them, and then reconstitute them with a different energy configuration - with a much higher energy quota than was normal - and then by using certain characteristics of a vortex in conjunction with the implosion effect would channel the resulting release of repulsion energy and use it for the kinetic propulsion of the generating device. While this peripheral cycloid flow close to the pipe wall acted on the fluid centrifugally its motion would draw out and harness the organic carbones from the through-flowing fluid. Correspondingly, tight to the centre of the pipe would be drawn the inorganic oxygenes rotating under a centripetal reactive force - and between the two flows would exist a slip-flow. His discovery that water (and air) 'carbones' react to a centrifugal influence, while 'oxygenes' to a centripetal force having come from many years of previous experimentation and observation (see note 2). The special guide vanes (see Schauberger's patent British 415280 or Austria 138296) secured into the pipe to rotate the peripheral fluid flow were also specifically placed lengthwise at specific intervals, over the whole length of the pipe, to instil an alternating increase and decrease in the flow-pressure along the pipe, which resulted in a general cooling in temperature of the whole through-flowing water-mass (which was another of Schauberger's discoveries). What occurred under the influence of these oppositely rotating forces, within the water, was a metabolic process of transformation (see note 3), or as Schauberger explains, "It is also known that dissociation and re-combination, therefore the rearrangement of the atoms, can be effected in the substrate with the aid of catalytic processes. In this regard it has been observed that these processes take place in a characteristic cycle or oscillating rhythm until a new state of equilibrium is established " (see note 4). The processes that he could generate by using the cycloid-space-curve-motion within an enclosed space would lead to the almost instantaneous production of a lower and a higher product of synthesis (see note 5) which constituted the dissociation part of the process. Schauberger discovered that through the cooling of the fluid it's density increases, and as the differentially rotating central core (of oxygenes) and peripheral spiralling carbones rotate about eachother their bipolar ingredients constantly abrade at the intervening slip-flow plane and against the outer-wall guide vanes. This breaking down or refining process further induces a dissociation of the micro-particles of the two separated fluid flows, firstly by a process Schauberger named the oligo-dynamic effect (see note 6) of decomposition and hence a liberation of supplementary influences; and secondly by a shrivelling up and densifying of the separated oxygene and the carbone elements - thereby creating a reduction in volume. Thirdly the carbones, or rather the residues of the carbones, are rendered unipolar (and potentially different from the oxygenes). As a result, the axial core of the fluid accelerates ahead of the peripheral (spiralling) flow thereby increasing the potential-difference between the two flows. Then, in what can best be described here as a highly complicated triggering of bio-electric chain-reactions, there occurs an energetic interchange between the residues of the abraded carbones and the axially-flowing oxygenes. Whereby, as Schauberger stated, "If this state [of interchange] is reached at the anomaly point [of 3.98†C or 39.164†F], then the highly energised organic residues (the former particles of the carbones) bind their fertilising counterparts (the oxygenes), and the naturalesque product of synthesis is complete" (see note 7). One might suppose that this 'charged water' could be likened to a fluid in colloidal form whereby its molecules would merely have instilled into them a strong negative electrical charge - but according to Schauberger this was not the case. He proved that the product of this process was a much higher form of energy. "If on the other hand a tri-polar mass is split up by suction-intensifying and temperature-reducing dynamic influences, then the true creative substance (residues of carbone) will be exposed to revitalising (cooling) temperatures. In this case the formative pulp-matter becomes free, unipolar and so highly active that it binds, consumes and digests the oxygen, which has become passive under this other dynamic influence. The end product of this magnetolytic dissociation is the predominantly magnetically charged ion, whose original formative and levitative force, which as everything else in Nature is to be understood as an indirect effect, can be intensified by up to 96%. Imbued with levitative force, these ions suck up the inferior matter and the generating device in their wake..." (see note 8). This was a discovery completely unknown to science. In conclusion then, from the above delineation of what happens inside this special Pipe, in this multi-stage transition-process there is initially a RADIAL-TO-AXIAL (centripetal) force, then a chain-reaction, which performs a highly dynamic transformation upon the pipe's through-flowing fluid, and then a reaction which accelerates the core fluid in a perpendicular motion along the longitudinal axis. The core fluid moves much faster than the rest of the fluid through the pipe. By way of an electronic analogy, it is somewhat similar to an outer ring-electrode and a central axial electrode, whereupon a non-uniform oscillating electric field exists to create a combination of electrophoretic and streaming potential reactions - the reactions of which upon the fluid would be to alternately generate electrokinetic energy and be accelerated by electrokinetic energy. But the Pipe discovery was only the first step toward a Schauberger-type flying aircraft, the next step can be found in Schauberger's centripulser Repulsine machine; when I first saw the drawings of a Repulsine prototype made by Schauberger in the 1940's I thought there must be a turbine inside it that rotated to create the centrifugal force it required to process it's fluid - but it seems this prototype didn't work like that, in fact the whole machine rotated as one unit to create it's centrifugal effect. This rather bulky and cumbersome machine has by some researchers been thought to hold the secrets of gravity-manipulation, but this machine was more likely to have been built merely as a demonstration model to show others some of the principles of Schauberger's discoveries. From the sketches for his other centripulser turbines such as the Klimator turbine and his Repulsator turbine there can be seen the next 'basis' which Schauberger designed into his atom-transforming and levitating machines. For in these machines the above Pipe processes were transferred to, and configured as, a centrifuging air chamber that alternately braked and pulled upon the air-fluid moving through it. In these centripulser machines close regard was paid to the principles of the Pipe processes, in that when the chamber was rotated at above 10,000 rpm a considerable suction was created at the chamber's central inlet ducts as a result of the centrifugal forces dragging the fluid radially outwards (see note 9). The water or air fluid drawn in is, accordingly, sucked through the machine's low-pressure chamber (made, says Schauberger, of inorganic silver-plated copper) wherein this flow is 'pummelled' by it's traverse around flow-restrictors (which, for instance, could comprise concentric rings) located inside the chamber in such a way as to shape and to momentarily exert pressure on the fluid flow. Additional to these centrifugal (axial to radial) forces are the rotational forces, operating perpendicular to the centrifugal forces, dragging upon the air-fluid inside the low-pressure chamber. Here then is what Schauberger called the transition-promoting planetary motion together with a rhythmical alternation of suction and braking-pressures. This alternating motion causes the dissociation process of the oxygenes and carbones of the through-flowing air into two separate components. For, essentially, there are two forces involved here, one - the centrifugal suction-pressure-suction (which can be made into a rhythmical force), and two - the rotating frictional force of the turbine's low-pressure chamber (spinning at around 10,000 rpm). With these forces Schauberger used to great advantage the fact that the carbones react more readily to a centrifugal force than do the oxygenes. Because when the normal (atmospheric) air has entered into the mechanism at the air intakes around the centre and has begun the dissociation process, the oxygenes in the air flowing through will react less to the centrifugal forces than will the carbones (as in the Pipe explanation above) and so the oxygenes will get dragged more by the rotating frictional force inside the low-pressure chamber than will the carbones... meaning that the oxygenes will follow a longer radial curve than will the carbones on their radial flow outwards. There will be a dual flow - just as in the example of the Pipe above where there will exist an expulsion of a higher and a lower form of this synthesis - ready for the next stage of the process, the process of reconstitution (see note 10). Now, following on from the above stage of transformation we have a highly energetic force at the periphery of the machine - and it needs to be reconstituted. If a suitably curved vessel is located below this rotating peripheral force which can turn and guide this force downward and then back inwards towards the machine's axis - to transform this energy flow into a centripetal force then, just as Schauberger describes its effect, it becomes an accelerated radially-to-axially in-winding rotational force. And we are back at the same situation with what happened inside the Pipe (above) where it resulted in the axial fluid being accelerated at great speed through the pipe... Well, not quite, in this configuration there is a lot more energy involved and it has already gone through one stage of synthesis, and it is now being physically forced centripetally in towards the machine's centre for its final transformation, the reaction to which is very forceful because a large volume of energised mass is going to be squeezed into a 'pipe' of very small volume. This is IMPLOSION. This is one of Schauberger's descriptions of what happens next to this energy; "As the end product of a natural or unnatural sequence of motion, it will be accelerated along either the longitudinal or the transverse axis. In the naturalesque - formative - direction of acceleration, which must take place along the longitudinal axis (centripetally), so-called electricism acts as the absolutely indispensable resistance for all motion. As the formative velocity rises, the resistance increases commensurately in order to provide the additional frictional (resisting) surfaces required by the accelerating matter. The actual loss of formative energy associated with this amounts to about 4%, i.e. in this case approximately 96% of the formative energy (= magnetism streaming upwards at enormous speed = levitism) is freed, which sucks up its generating device and a portion of its immediate environs in its wake" (see note 11). Indeed, in all of Schauberger's descriptions of this levitative force he nowhere describes it as either a propulsive effect i.e. created by a pressure-force, or as an electrical effect i.e. an electrokinetic force. This force was one that streamed in spiral fashion upwards above the machine from the machine at ultra high speed, and which drew the generating machine or craft up in its wake - an inverted vortex or drag force if you will. Schauberger variously referred to this projectile of force that the craft would react to as a "magnetism", a "biomagnetism", an "organic vacuum", an "all-attracting force" or, as it was most often called, a "diamagnetismus" (see note 12). Essentially it seems to have been the second stage of implosion. The first stage of which is the densifying effect (where the products implode under the centripetal cycloid motion and are squeezed into an ever-decreasing space where, as he says, they become increasingly densified) but there must follow on from this a repulsion force - as the next natural progression - which, just like in the Pipe process, shoots the product out of this densified core like a bullet high into the air (see note 13).   For an animated version of this picture see anim8 (660 kb).   Archimedes displaced When Schauberger strove to explain his principles of levitating energy he drew upon the famous observation made by the Greek Archimedes and gave it a new twist, which I will try and duplicate here. Here is what Archimedes would like to have said: One - Since every body loses weight in proportion to the degree to which it is displaced by a specifically densifying medium (see note 14)... then, Two - Sit in bath = loose weight (displacement of water). Three - Sit on floor = loose no weight (no displacement of medium). Four - If medium surrounding is more dense then it determines motion. Five - Schauberger's trout (see note 15) expulses a densified fluid about its rear, as it expands it squeezes the trout forward. Six - If you create a situation where normal air is more dense than the air directly above or ahead of the craft - the normal air will move the craft ! Seven - There are two sorts of 'levitational motive force' featured in the many machines of Viktor Schauberger... Eight - One, a spinning upwards force would provide a NEGATIVE (vacuous) air density above the craft. Two, if the craft utilised only the centrifugal force, as in a Repulsine, it would propel a POSITIVE (increased) air density below the craft. Both these motive forces will send the craft up into the air.     May his work continue...     NOTES: I must here say a special thanks to Callum Coats for his unstinting dedication toward his goal of getting out into the world English translations of at least some of the writings of this great man Viktor Schauberger, whose work has certainly proved a valuable contribution to the re-alignment of scientific knowledge on this Earth. Note 1 - By placing vanes or fins on the inside walls of the pipe any fluid flowing through the pipe would be forced to rotate. The expression of this cycloid movement reminds me of the old Borg-Warner automatic gearboxes, of the mechanism they used in their revolving 'epicyclic gear trains', whereby different ratios of revolution could be taken off the one revolving mechanism. Note 2 - See his Fluid Pipe patents British 415280 (1934), Austrian 138296 (1934), Austrian 134543 (1933). And too the explanation of them in "Living Energies" by Callum Coats p180-2. Also patents Austrian 196680, and French 1057576 (translated in "The Energy Evolution" by Callum Coats p104-114). For the difference in reaction between the oxygenes and the carbones to centrifugal forces see Viktor's text translated in "The Energy Evolution" p102 and 57. Note 3 - Another of Viktor's explanations for this transformation is; "Like the beads of carbon-dioxide in water that has been warmed, through the strong influence of heat the residual substances shrivel up after the separation and precipitation of the higher quality constituents. Due to the high pressure the outer envelope or the carrier substance will be crushed and in this way the de-energised elements released. The opposite primary elements, the varieties of so-called oxygen, will be physically released at higher temperatures, i.e. they attain the so-called charged state that enables them to consume, or as the scientist says, to bind their as it were 'devoted' condensed counterparts" (from Viktor's text translated in "The Energy Evolution" p100). Note 4 - This is from the patent application Austrian 146141, and from its English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p189. Note 5 - From Viktor's text translated in "The Energy Evolution" p100. Note 6 - The oligo-dynamic effect is a necessary stage in the cycle-of-action of a substance's rejuvination, whereby the substance is broken down (decomposed) in readiness for its next stage of development. See also Viktor's text translated in "The Energy Evolution" p102/3 and p70-3. Note 7 - From the English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p103. Note 8 - From the English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p83. Note 9 - See the implosion machines featured in "Living Energies" p275-293 where Callum Coats gives the rotational speed as between 10,000 and 20,000 rpm, and an English translation of the Repulsine patent document in "The Energy Evolution" p189-195. The 'basic' concept is to be found in "Mensch und Technik - naturgem”þ" Special edition Vol 2, 1993, section 7.5, whereupon the English translation of it can be found in "The Energy Evolution" p165. Note 10 - By suitable arrangements the dual flows, of opposite electrical polarity, can be insulated from eachother and their opposite charges drawn off and accumulated. Note 11 - From the English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p82. Note 12 - Viktor claimed that the velocity of this up-flowing force was substantially greater than the speed of sound, and in this respect it was probably a big mistake to call this force "diamagnetismus", which Viktor meant as 'through an attracting force that moved in a magnetic flux-like curve' to describe an involuting motion, which always converges toward a line while at the same time curling back in on itself; because it got translated in English to represent DIAMAGNETIC as in the Hall effect or the attribute of a bismuth or a copper - which is a miniscule effect detected only in micro-electronic semi-conductors. In some cases, more with regard to the implosion of water than of air, Viktor refers to this "attracting magnet for the surrounding air-masses" as dissociated H, where H referred partly to a suctional force and partly to an atom of the least amount of density, more from the fact that there just wasn't a better way of describing this previously unrecognised force. Note 13 - This second stage of implosion describes the process of inter-atomic repulsion, where the atomic lattice (and the inter-atomic spacing therein) can collapse only so far, because whoever constructed this universe ensured that when the inter-atomic spacing reaches a certain level of compression the atoms gain a repulsion force - and the greater the compression, or densifying, the greater the magnitude of repulsive force the atoms gain so as to be able to normalise again (for more info on this see the Vortex page). Viktor does actually say that at the formative stage (of implosion) the upflowing force does encounter a resistance which increases "commensurably in order to provide the additional frictional surfaces required by the accelerating matter" which does seem to confirm this (from the English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p81/2). Note 14 - From the English translation in "The Energy Evolution" p214. Note 15 - Viktor used the example of the trout's swim upstream as the foundation for his research into Implosion - biologists and scientists would do well to learn from it. For the German text of "Der Forellenmotor" ("The Trout Motor") by Viktor Schauberger see "Implosion" magazine No. 111 (July 1989) p24 - 32 (and for its English translation see "The Fertile Earth" by Callum Coats); also see "Living Energy" p142.

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