Text: There are actually three kinds of external translation of energy that can be made - thermodynamics only accounts for two. First, we can have external scattering translation, which equates to the orthodox concept of external work. In that case, the internal energy/work is "being expended as external work." Note that the work is always being done in a different region from where the energy is, conceptually, when we state that "energy is being expended as work." Note now that the externalizing translation requires movement through an external distance, hence through time. Since in the macroscopic world EM energy normally scatters off atoms by its interaction with their electron shells, then in the macroscopic world EM energy is continually and continuously being expended as work. That is, order (integrated internal energy) is continually being expended as disorder (external disintegration of the previously internally integrated energy). This process - of continual production of disorder by external EM scattering - is known as entropy. The external scattering/disordering actually involved "translation through time." Now, actually, in physics the universe is composed of angular momentum - which has the units of energy multiplied by time. Further, the observable universe can only change in incremental units of action, called quanta. One quantum consists of a little piece of energy welded to a little piece of time, so to speak, with no seam in the middle. Hence for energy to "translate", quantum change must occur, and in this case we must think of the external scattering and disintegration of internalized energy as actually being the collected quanta contained internally and collected time amounts as well as energy amounts. Hence in the entropic maroscopic world we are continuously scattering not only EM energy but EM time. What we call the "rate of flow of time" consists of nothing but the external translation/scattering of action, hence the external translation/scattering of energy and the external translation/scattering of time. The normal "flow of time" is actually the external disintegration/scattering of intenalized integrated/boundary-coherent time. In other words, the production of entropy and the production of the "forward flow of time" are actually one and the same thing. Further, the "rate of low of time" is simply the "rate of production of entropy." If we change the rate of production of entropy, we change the rate of flow of time, and vice versa. The second form of external translation of internalized energy is to translate all the subenergies in parallel, coherently. Thus if we translate the internal mass (which is just internalized or trapped energy) of an oject through space and time coherently, we "translate the object" through space and time. In this case no entropy is produced (conceptually speaking) and the object does not "age-change" as such. Everything in the object is just as it was. If an object did this and only this, it also would not "move in time" a priori, as far as it itself was concerned, for it would experience no entropy and no internalized change of action, hence no internal change of time. Interestingly, it would also be completely unobservable by any other "physical observer" or "physical observing/detecting/instrument." It is interesting, but well beyond the scope of this paper, that objects can actually be induced to move in a fashion very close to this second translation, and this has been experimentally verified. We will not discuss the second case further, except to say that our very notion of something "moving through space" captures this aspect. The fact that normally objects still exchange and scatter energy and time externally, even when "moving through space", means that we still see them as moving through normal time (through scattering time). Rigorously, objects which move through normal space and time are objects which (1) keep much of their internalized energy unscattered, so that they move through space, and (2) scatter some part of their internalized energy, so that they move through scatter-time or normal-time. The third form of external translation/scattering of internalized energy is marvelous indeed. It is negative. In this case, scattered external energy is actually focused back into the internal, ordered, integrated energy of the object. But since this actually involves action, or "energy x time," then the object does not scatter/disintegrate time, but rather it coherently collects/integrates time. To the object, this is a time-reversed situation. Rigorously, the object exists in integrating time, not disintegrating time. The object is time-reversed. Note that the second law of thermodynamics - which we have just violated - assumes that time flow is always positive; i.e., that internalized EM energy/time are always being externally scattered/disintegrated. Rigorously, the second law of thermodynamics - the law of entropy - only applies to the forward flow of time. It specifically does not apply to the time-reversed situation, for obviously that would be re-ordering and negentropic. Entropy is only one side of a two-sided coin; negentropy is the other side. Re-ordering of EM energy is occuring and that is the concept of negentropy. This EM energy that re-orders is phase conjugated, i.e., time-reversed. It is referred to as negative energy. We point out that this is a pefectly permissible form of energy translation, and it can be quite readily engineered on the laboratory bench, and even amplified. Most physicists presently are very uncomfortable with the time-reversed EM wave, even though it is a proven fact. They desperately try to ignore the negentropic implications, for that means the violation of the second law of thermodynamics, which they strenuously try to hold sacrosanct. And the fact that one can easily amplify the negentropy directly from entropy, merely by pumping a phase conjugate mirror, also is most studiously avoided because of total, utter fear of the awful implications of that experimental fact.

See Also: MOTION; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPLOSION; POSITIVE PROPULSIVE; EXTERNAL SCATTERING; ENTROPY; TIME; ENHARMONIC; HARMONIC; FOCALIZATION; LATENT FORCE

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