Text: "Note on the Lamb shift." While zero-point fluctuations account for some of the Lamb shift effect, and semiclassical interactions for the rest, neither approach can stand on its own. Thus literally the Lamb shift represents a coupling of zero-point fluctuations and semiclassical interactions. American Journal of Physics. 50(4), Apr. 1982. p. 331-335.

See Also: Lamb shift, zero-point fluctuations, perturbation theory, quantum electrodynamics, vacuum fluctuations, random fields, Feynman diagrams, random electrodynamics.

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