Text: Optic cavitation occurs when, say, large pulses of a Q-switched ruby laser are focused on a liquid. Breakdown of the liquid occurs and bubbles are formed. The bubbles can then be photographed by a high speed rotating mirror camera. Particle cavitation is based on the growth of bubbles in a superheated liquid. If a charged particle is sent through the liquid it leaves an ionization trail for a fraction of a second. Some of the energy from these ions goes into a few fast electrons, which can give up about 1000 electron volts of energy in a small volume to produce rapid local heating. If the liquid has been superheated by expansion, boiling will occur along the track which will appear as a line of tiny bubbles. (105)

See Also: NEGATIVE ATTRACTION; IMPLOSION; VACUUM; VORTEX; ETHER; SCHAEFFER STEAM MACHINE; SUPERCAVITATION

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