From  International Chiropractic Pediatric Association, Richard A. Pistolese,
5295 Highway 78, Suite #D362, Stone Mountain, GA  30087, 770-982-9037.

Vaccination

In recent years, the annual number of reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event
Reporting System (VAERS) has exceeded the total number of reports of routine
childhood vaccine-preventable disease.
     Terracciano G; Chen R, Lloyd, J; Surveillance for Adverse Events
Following Vaccination, CDC Publication 1994.

Hepatitis B (HEP-B)

The Center for Disease Control (C.D.C.) Advisory Committee on Immunization
Practices (A.C.I.P.)recommends Hep B vaccination at:  Birth, 2 months and 6
months, or 1-2 months, 4 months and 12 months.  MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40,
No. RR-1, pp 1-7.

Hepatitis B is a liver disease caused by a virus, and usually is accompanied
by a fever.  A spokesman for the vaccine manufacturer says, "Immunity
probably last about 5 years, although that is not certain."
The Journal of American Medical Association; Medical News 6-1-84:

Dr. S. Handler and colleagues, including members of the C.D.C.'s Multi-center
HBV Vaccine Study Group, stated, "Findings suggest that antibody levels to
HBV vaccine decline substantially within three years of vaccination."  The
Joutnal of American Medical Association; Medical News 6-1-84:

There is no evidence of the vaccines effectiveness after 10 years.
Ganiats TG, Bowersox MT, Ralph LP; Universal neonatal hepatitis b
immunization-are we jumping on the bandwagon too early?  J Fam Pract 1993:
36(2); 147-9/Medline ID: 93147760.


Currently, there is no screening or selectivity, for mothers being a carrier
before the vaccine is given to the infant.  In Europe, North America and
Australia carriers represent .1% or less of the population.
V Scheibner, Ph.D. Immunzations:  100 Years of Orthodox Research Shows that
Vaccines Represent A Medical Assault on the Immune System.  New Atlantean Pr.
December 1993/ ISBN:  064615124X.

High Risk Groups:  IV drug users, prostitutes, male homosexuals, hemodialysis
patients, institutionalized children and adults.  Some health workers, some
military.  Not infants.  Not children.

These are the reasons given to vaccinate for Hepatitis B, as a child, as
given by Dr. George Peter, Chairman of the American Academy of Pediatrics
(A.A.P.) at the National Pediatric Infectious Disease Seminar on June 12,
1992, in Washington, D.C.
1. Children are accessible.
2. Cost of vaccinating infants is cheaper than adults because they require a
smaller dose.
3. Hep B remains a public health problem, which sometimes occurs outside of
high-risk groups.
4. High Risk groups have not accepted the vaccination, or have been difficult
to reach.
    
                                  N.V.I.C. Newsletter, August 1992

A spokesman for the vaccine manufacturer says, "The cose of the 3 doses is
about $100.)
The Journal of American Medical Association; Medical News 6-1-84:

Despite immunization programs targeting high risk groups the incidence of Hep
B has risen 37% over the last decade.
Freed GL, Bordley WC, Clark SJ, Konrad TR, Reactions of pediatricians to a
new centers for disease control recommendation for universal immunization of
infants with hepatitis b vaccine.  Pediatrics 1993; 91(4): 699-702/ Medline
ID: 93219007.

The campaign to vaccinate all newborns with "justified" because selective
vaccination of well-defined high-risk groups has failed to reduce the
incidence of the disease.
Caulfield M; Hepatitis B, a disease needing a vaccine or a vaccine needing a
disease?  Clin Pediatr 1993; 32(7):443-4/Medline ID: 93373490.
Kim-Farley RJ, Merson MH, Tulloch JL.  Childhood immunizations. N Engl J Med
1993; 328(19):1420-1/Medline ID:93233739.

In health care workers, studies suggest with continuous, low intensity
exposure to Hep-B workers become naturally immunized.
Dienstag JL; Ryan DM; Occupational exposure to hepatitis b virus in hospital
personnel:  Infection or immunization. AM J Epidemiol 1982; 115(1):26-39/
Medline ID: 82110890.

It is estimated that fewer than 25% of health care workers, who are at risk
of infection, get immunized.
Margolis HS, Host factors related to poor immunogenicity of hepatitis b
vaccine in adults. JAMA 1993; 270(24): 2971-2/Medline ID: 94076559.

All 778 pediatricians in North Carolina were surveyed gy mail 2 to 3 months
after publication of the C.D.C.'s recommendations.  The response rate was
78%.  Although 82% of pediatricians who administer immunizations were aware
of the new recommendation, only 32% believed it was warranted in their
practices.
Freed GL, Bordley WC, Clark SJ, Konrad TR, Reactions of pediatricians to a
new centers for disease control recommendation for universal immunization of
infants with hepatitis b vaccine.  Pediatrics 1993; 91(4): 699-702/ Medline
ID:  93219007.

Overall, 48% of family physicians that administered immunizations to children
were aware of the new hepatitis B vaccine recommendation.  However, only 17P%
agreed that it was warranteed for all newborns in their practice. 
Additionally, 42% expected nurses to resist giving three injections at one
visit.
Freed GL, Bordley WC, Clark SJ, Konrad TR, Family physician acceptance of
universal hepatitis B immunization of infants. J Fam Pract 1993; 36(2):
153-7/Medline ID: 93147761.

The United States and Canada are two countries sharing the lowest incidence
of hepatitis B disease in the world.  Almost all hepatitis B deaths in the
United States are confined to high-risk groups.
October 12, 1994, "Ottowa Press Release" The Nightingale Research Foundation,
602 State St., Box 310, Ogdensburg, NY  13669.
Ganiats TG, Bowersox, MT, Ralph LP; Universal neonatal hepatitis b
immunization-are we jumping on the bandwagon too early?  J Fam Pract 1993:
36(2): 147-9/Medline ID:  93147760.

Hepatitis B occurs primarily in young adults.
MMWR 1990; 39(RR-2): 1-26.

Hep-B vaccination is produced in one of the following ways, by:
1. Blood plasma derivatives.
2. Hepatic-cellular carcinoma's. (Cancer Tumors)
3. From surface antigens from constituent polypeptides.
***The surface antigen type is some what safer, but still not totally not
safe.***

According to the Australian Adverse Drug Reaction (ADRAC) Bulletin 8/90 said
the recombinant vaccine causes serious side effects.  Hep B affects the
newborn liver, which may become dysfunctional for 14 days or more.  There is
borderline significant association between the Hep-B vaccination and
Guillain-Barre' syndrome.
MMWR 1990; 39(RR-2_: 1-26.
Xu ZY, Margolis HS, Determinants of hepatitis b vaccine efficacy and
implications for vaccine strategies.  Monogr Virol 1991 (in press).



However, the C.D.C.'s A.C.I.P. feels even if Gullian-Barre' is a side effect
of the immunization it is more that compensated for by prevention of the
disease.
MMWR 1990; 39(RR-2): 1-26.

HIB (HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B)
The C.D.C A.C.I.P. recommends Hib vaccination at ages 2, 4, 6, 12 or 15
months and between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

Hib is a bacterial infection, which has been associated with meningitis,
epiglottitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, percarditis and
pneumonia.  About 75% of all forms of Hib occur in children less than 18
months of age.  The Hib vaccine can cause adverse reactions such as
convulsions, allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, vomiting, and serum
sickness-like reactions.  The FDA did not recognizethese reactions when
licensure was granted.  Incidence of Hib type meningitis peaks between 6-11
months.
Daum RS, Sood SK, Osterholm, MT, Pramberg JCD, Granoff PD, White KE, Granoff
DM, Decline in serum antibody to the capsule of haemophilus influenzae type b
in the immediate post-immunization period.  J Pediatr 1989; 114(5)
742-7/Medline ID:  89235923.

Milstien JB, Gross TP, Kuritsky JN; Adverse reactions reported following
receipt of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine: an analysis after 1 year of
marketing.  Pediatrics 1987; 80(2): 270-4/Medline ID:  87288854.

The "Finnish" study, upon which license was granted, showed the vaccine was
ineffective for infants 3-17 months of age.
Peltola H, Kayhty H, Sivonen A, Makela H; Haemophilus influenzae type b
capsular polysaccharide vaccine in children: a double-blind study of 100,000
vaccines 3 months to 5 years of age in Finland.  Pediatrics 1977; 60(5):
730-7/Medline ID 78032190.
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

Some studies show efficacy in the range of 45% - 88%.
Black SB, Shinefield HR, Hiatt RA, Fireman BH, Efficacy of haemophilus
influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988;
7(3): 149-56/Medline ID:  88189688.

Shapiro ED, Murphy TV, Wald ER, Brady CA; The protective efficacy of
haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine.  JAMA 1988; 260(10); 1419-22/Medline
IK:  88300937.

Harrison LH, Broome CV, Hightower AW, Hoppe CC, Makintubee S, Sitze SL,
Taylor JA, Gaventa S, Wenger JD, Facklam, RR; A day care-based study of the
efficacy of haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine.  JAMA 1988; 260(10):
1413-8/Medline ID:  88300936.

Other studies showed the vaccine has no efficacy at all.
Ward JI, Broome CV, Harrison LH, Shinefield H, Black S; Haemophilus
influenzae type b vaccines:  lessons for the future.  Pediatrics 1988; 81(6):
886-93/Medline ID:  88217449.

Osterholm MT, Rambeck JH, White KE, Jacobs JL, Pierson LM, Neaton JD, Hedberg
CW, MacDonald KL, Granoff DM; Lack of efficacy of haemophilus b
polysaccharide vaccine in Minnesota.  JAMA 1988; 260(10):1423-8/Medline ID: 
88300938.

Ward J, Brenneman G, Letson GW, Heyward WL; Limited efficacy of a haemophilus
influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in Alaska native infants.  The Alaska H.
Influenzae Vaccine Study Group. N Engl J Med 1990; 323(20):1393-1401/Medline
ID: 91042845.

The C.D.C. stated "Efficacy of the conjugate vaccine (currently being used)
has not been determined in field trials."
MMWR 1988, Vol. 37, RR-37, pp. 13-16.



Your baby will actually become more susceptible to meningitis for up to 3
weeks following vaccination.
Daum RS, Sood SK, Osterholm MT, Pramberg JC, Granoff PD, White KE, Granoff
DM, Decline in serum antibody to the capsule of haemophilus influenzae type b
in the immediate post-immunization period.  J Pediatr 1989; 114(5)
742-7/Medline ID:  89235923.

Ward J, Brenneman G, Letson GW, Heyward WL, Limited efficacy of a haemophilus
influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in Alaska native infants.  The Alaska h.
influenzae vaccine study group. N Engl J Med 1990; 323(20): 1393-1401/Medline
ID:  91042845.

Sood SK, Schreiber JR, Siber GR, Daum RS; Post vaccination susceptiblity to
invasive haemophilus influenzae type b disease in infant rats. J Pediatr
1988; 113(5): 814-9/Medline ID:  89036546.

Hiner EE, Frasch CE; Spectrum of disease due to haemophilus influenzae type b
occurring in vaccinated children.  J Infect Dis 1988; 158(2):  343-8/ Medline
ID:  88299667.

Granoff DM, Shackelford PG, Suarez BK, Nahm MH, Cates KL, Murphy TV, Karasic
R, Osterholm MT, Pandey JP, Daum RS;  Haemophilus influenzae type b disease
in children vaccinated with type b polysaccharide vaccine. N Engl J Med 1986;
315(25):  1584-90/ Medline ID:  87064933.

Ward J;  Newer Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines and passive
prophylaxis.  Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987; 6(8):  799-803/ Medline ID: 
88040226.

The risk of contracting meningitis one week after vaccination is 6.4-1.8
times greater than unvaccinated children.
Sood SK, Schreiber JR, Siber GR, Daum RS;  Post vaccination susceptibility to
invasive haemophilus influenzae type b disease in infant rats.  J Pediatr
1988; 113(5): 814-9/Medline ID  89036546.

41% of cases of Hib occurred in vaccinated individuals.  The vaccine's
protective efficacy is about negative 58%.  In other words, you are more
likely to get Hib if you are vaccinated.
Osterholm, MT, Rambeck JH, White KE, Jacobs JL, Person LM, Neaton JD, Hedberg
CW, MacDonald KL, Granoff DM;  Lack of efficacy of haemophilus b
polysaccaride vaccine in Minnesota.  JAMA 1988; 260(10): 1423-8/ Medline ID: 
88300938.

The widespread use of the Hemophilus influenza vaccine in 1986 was followed
by a 62% rise (16 cases/100,000 children to 29.2 cases/100,000) in the
incidence of diabetes in the 0-4 age group between the years 1980-1982 and
1990-1992.
Tuomilehto J, Virtala E, Karvonen M, Lounamaa R, Pikaniemi J, Reunanen A,
Tuomilehto-Wolf E, Toivanen L; Increase in incidence of insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus among children in Finland.  Int J Epidemiol 1995; 24(5):
984-92/Medline ID:  96128728.

The incidence of IDDM also rose in the young children 2-3 year olds after the
first dose of HiB was introduced.
Classen DC, Classen JB; The timing of pediatric immunization and the risk of
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.  Infectious Diseases in Clinical
Practice 1997; 6:449-454.



Drastic rises in the incidence of IDDM have been reported in the US and the
UK after the introduction of the HiB vaccine.  An epidemic of diabetes in the
0-4 age group occurred during the years 1985-1989 in Allegheny county 7.   at
the the time when the Hemophilus influenza vaccine was being incorporated
into the immunization schedule.  The annual incidence of IDDM in 0-4 year
olds living in Allegheny county rose 60% from the years 1980-1984 (10
cases/100,000) to 1985-1989 (16cases/100,000).  The incidence of diabetes in
0-4 year olds had been consistently below 10 cases/100,000 from 1965-1984. 
The incidence of IDDM in this age group is expected to rise even higher since
the maximum effect of the HiB vaccine on IDDm is not seen until 4 years after
immunization.
Dokheel TM;  An epidemic of childhood diabetes in the United States. 
Diabetes Care 1993; 16: 1606-11/ Medline ID:  94130649.
Brewster D.;  The epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae invasive disease in
Scotland prior to immunisation.  Health Bull (Edinb) 1993; 51:  385-93/ 
Medline ID:  94140569.

In 1982, the C.D.C., the F.D.A., and the manufacturer created a surveillance
system to monitor spontaneous reports of adverse events occurring after
inoculation with the new-plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine (Heptavax-B,
Merck Sharp and Dohme, West Point, PA).  In the three years between June 1,
1982 and May 31, 1985, an estimated 850,000 persons received the vaccine. 
During that period, a total of 41 reports were received for one of the
following neurologic adverse events:  convulsions (five cases), Bell's palsy
(10 cases), Guillain-Barre syndrome (nine cases), lumbar radiculopathy (five
cases), brachial plexus neuropathy (three cases0, optic neuritis (five
cases), and transverse myelitis (four cases).  Half of these occurred after
the first of three required vaccine doses.  In some analyses, Gullain-Barre
syndrome was reported significantly more often that expected (p=<0.05).
Shaw FE, Jr., Graham DJ, Guess HA, Milstien JB, Johnson JM, Schatz GC, Hadler
SC, Kuritsky JN, Hiner EE, Bregman DJ, et al;  Post-marketing surveillance
for neurologic adverse events reported after hepatitis B vaccination. 
Experience of the first three years.  Am J Epidemiol 1988; 127(2)  337-52/
Medline ID:  88103514.

Diphtheria

The C.D.C. A.C.I.P recommends Diphtheria vaccination at 2 months, 4 months, 6
months, 15 months of age, and between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

In five children neural complications occurred following diphtheria
immunization.  In three cases it could be traced back to a hyperergic
reaction to diphtheria toxoid on the cerebral vessels.  The latter
complication is typical of individuals being immunized against diphtheria.
Ehrengut W.;  Neural complications after diphtheria vaccination and
innoculations with diphtheria toxoid-mixed vaccines.  Observations on their
etiopathogenesis.  Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1986; 111924): 939-42/Medline ID: 
86219798.

Measles

The C.D.C A.C.I.P. recommends Measles vaccination at 15 months of age and
between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

Measles self limiting infection of short duration moderate severity and low
fatality which has maintained a remarkable state of biological balance.  In
the United States immunization levels are at 98% due to mandatory
vaccination, however epidemics of measles still occur every 3-4 year interval
unabated and uninfluenced by vaccination.  The fact that despite 98%
compliance with vaccination, epidemics of measles still occur means the
vaccine is totally ineffective.
V Scheibner Ph.D. Immunizations:  100 Years of Orthodox Research Shows that
Vaccines Represent A Medical Assault on the Immune System.  New Atlantean Pr.
December 1993/ ISBN:  064615124X.

An outbreak of measles occurred in a high school with a documented
vaccination level of 98%.  70% of the cases were students who had histories
of measles vaccination at 12 months of age or older and are therefore
considered vaccine failures.  Vaccine failures among apparently adequately
vaccinated individuals were sources of infection for at least 48 percent of
the cases in the outbreak.
Nkowane BM, Bart SW, Orenstein WA, Baltier M;  Measles outbreak in a
vaccinated school population;  Epidemiology, chains of transmission and the
role of vaccine failures.  An J Public Health 1987;  77(4): 434-8/ Medline
ID:  87154064.

A study of 130 cases of measles showed the attack rate of measles in
vaccinated children was much higher than in unvaccinated children.
Cherry JD, Feigin RD, Shackelford PG, Hinthorn DR, Schmidt RR; A clinical and
serologic study of 103 children with measles vaccine failure.  J Pediatr
1973; 82(5): 802-8/Medline ID:  73162532.


The risk of having convulsions after measles vaccination in 19 in 10,000.
Roden AT,; Convulsive disorders in young children.  Proc R Soc Med 1974;
67(5): 380/ Medline ID:  74263742.

A 1973 study described 80 cases of neurologic disorders starting within
thirty days after inoculation with the measles virus vaccination.
Landrigan PJ, Witte JJ,;  Neurologic disorders following live measles-virus
vaccination.  JAMA 1973;  223(13): 1459-62/  Medline ID:  73180462.

Measles vaccination has also been reported to cause diffuse retinopathy.
MMWR 1989; 38:329-330.
Marshall GS, Wright PF, Fenichel GM, Karzon DT, Diffuse retinopathy following
measles, mumps and rubella vaccination.  Pediatrics 1985; 76(6):989-91/
Medline ID:  86066958.

There is risk of developing subacute sclerosing panencephalitis after measles
inoculation.
Landrigan PJ, Witte JJ,;  Neurologic disorders following live measles-virus
vaccination.  JAMA 1973; 223(13): 1459-62/ Medline ID:  73180462.

Fenichel GM,; Neurological complications of immunization.  Ann Neurol 1982; 
12(2):  119-28/ Medline ID:  83021125.

White R.;  Measles vaccine associated encepahlitis in Canada.  Lancet 1983;
2(8351):683-4/ Medline ID:
83296456.

The average age of the patient in the "UCLA outbreak" was between 20-24 years
old.  91% were found to have measles specific antibody.
Rand KH, Reuman PD.; Measles:  ready for eradication?  Ann Intern Med 1979;
90(6):978-80/ Medline ID:  79185877.

While measles vaccines were effective in elevating measles-neutralizing
antibody in a number of children, although not all, this had already this has
already been demonstrated to be irrelevant in preventing the disease.
Bellanti JA.;  Biologic significance of the secretory A immunoglobulins. 
Pediatrics 1971; 48(5):715-29/ Medline ID:  72046041.

In a study of a measles outbreak in a secondary school, populations greater
than 99% of students were fully immunized, and 95% showed immunity in
serologic testing.  The epidemic occurred in the remaining 5% all of whom
were adequately immunized.
Gustafson TL, Lievens AW, Brunell PA, Moellenberg RG, Buttery CM, Sehulster
LM,;  Measles outbreak in a fully immunized secondary-school population.  N
Engl J Med 1987; 316(13):  771-4/  Medline ID:  87144483.

The C.D.C. reported on an outbreak in junior high school students in Hobbs,
New Mexico where 98% of the students were vaccinated shortly before the
outbreak began. 
MMWR (1Feb 1985).

MMWR (2 September 1988) dealt with 76 measles outbreaks in the United States.
Most cases were considered "primary vaccination failure."
MMWR (2 Sept 1988)

In 1600 cases of measles, 58% were previously vaccinated.
MMWR 1989; 38:329-330.

Another study stated measles vaccines were not providing "proper" immunologic
response in vaccinated children.
Linnemann CC, Hegg ME, Rotte TC, Phair JP, Schiff GM,;  Measles IgM response
during reinfection of previously vaccinated children.  J Pediatr 1973; 82(5):
798-801/ Medline ID:  73162531.

"Measles transmission has been clearly documented among vaccinated persons. 
In some large outbreaks over 95% of cases have a history of vaccinations."
Dr. Atkinson of C.D.C. FDA Workshop to review warnings, instructions and
precautionary information on vaccines.  Rockland, Maryland 9/18/72 p. 27.

Measles cases have consistently occurred in vaccinated individuals.  A review
of measles outbreaks in the United States during 1985-1989, revealed a median
of 60 percent of the cases occurred in vaccinated persons.  In fact 61%-90%
of measles occur in persons who were appropriately vaccinated.
Markowitz LE, Preblud SR, Orenstein WA, Rovira EZ, Adams NC, Hawkins CE,
Hinman AR.;  Patterns of transmission in measles outbreaks in the United
States, 1985-1986.  N Engl Med 1989; 320(2): 75-81/Medline ID:  89097101.

These examples demonstrate that, while measles vaccination was mandatory, it
was done with vaccines, which had always been known to be ineffective.
Shasby DM, Shope TC, Downs H, Herrmann KL, Polkowski J; Epidemic measles in a
highly vaccinated population. N Engl J Med 1977; 296(11): 585-9/ Medline ID: 
77123672.

Weiner LB, Corwin RM, Nieburg PI, Feldman, HA;  A measles outbreak among
adolescents.  J Pediatr 1977; 90(1): 17-20/ Medline ID:  77073581.

Hull HF, Montes JM, Hays PC, Lucero RL.;  Risk factors for measles vaccine
failure among immunized students.  Pediatrics 1985; 76(4):518-23/ Medline ID:
86015842.

Seven patients, aged 12 to 19 years, had atypical measles.  All patients had
previously received killed measles vaccine.  A substantial number of persons
who are older adolescents or young adults may be at risk of developing
atypical measles.
Martin DB, Weiner LB, Nieburg PI, Blair DC.; Atypical measles in adolescents
and young adults.  Ann Intern Med 1979; 90"(6): 877-81/ Medline ID   79185851.

The UK had a big MMR vaccine program to young children in school.  The
campaign was in 1994 and this was followed by a large rise in insulin
dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the age group that received the
vaccine.  Incidence of IDDM in 5-9 year olds went from 15 to 27 cases/100,000
between 1994 and 1995.
Gardner SG, Bingley PJ, Sawtell PA, Weeks S, Gale EA.;  Rising incidence of
insulin dependent diabetes in children aged under 5 years in the Oxford
region:  time trend analysis.  The Bart's-Oxford Study Group.  BMJ   1997;
315(7110): 713-17/Medline ID:  97460374.

The incidence of IDDM also rose in the young children 2-3 year olds after the
first dose of MMR was introduced.
Tuomilehto J, Virtala E, Karvonen M, Lounamaa R, Pitkaniemi J. Reunanen A,
Tuomilehto-Wolf E, Toivanen L.;  Increase in incidenc of insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus among children in Finland.  Int J Epidemiol 1995;
24(5):984-92/Medline ID:  96128728.

From: MeggyEm@aol.com

MUMPS

The C.D.C. A.C.I.P. recommends Mumps vaccination at 15 months of age and
between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.
Mumps is a common childhood disease, which is benign in the vast majority of
cases.  It is desirable that mumps be contracted in early childhood because
when it is contracted in adulthood, the disease may cause meningitis and/or
damage to the testes, ovaries, auditory nerves or pancreas.

Just as mumps may cause meningitis, so too can the vaccine itself.  It has
been confirmed by numerous studies that cases of meningitis are caused by the
vaccine and NOT the wild virus.
Gray JA, Burns SM.; Mumps meningitis following measles, mumps, rubella
immunization.  Lancet 1989; 2(8654):98/Medline ID:  89294867.
Bottinger M, Christenson B, Romanus V, Taranger J, Strandell A.; Swedish
experience of two-dose vaccination programme aiming at eliminating measles,
mumps, and rubella.  Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1987; 295(6608):264-7/Medline ID:
88079062.
Gray JA, Burns SM.;  Mumps Vaccine Meningitis. Lancet 1989; 2(8668): 927/
Medline ID:  90013726.
Ehrengut W.; Mumps Vaccine and Meningitis. Lancet 1989; 2(8665):751.
Von Muhlendahl KE; Mumps, meningitis following measles, mumps and rubella
immunizations. Lancet 1989; 2(8659): 394-5, August 12, 1989/ Medline ID:
89383765.
Forsey T, Bentley ML, Minor PD, Begg N.; Mumps vaccines and meningitis. 
Lancet 1992; 340(8825): 980/Medline ID:  93023309.
Champagne S, Thomas E.;  A case of mumps meningitis; a post immunization
complication  Can Dis Weekly Rep.  1988; 13-35;155-6.
McDonald JC, Moore DL, Quennec P.;  "Clinical and epidemiological features of
mumpsmeningoencephalitis and possible vaccine related disease". Pediatr
Infect Dis J 1989; 8(11):751-5/ Medline ID:  90082602.
Ehrengut W, Zastrow K, Complications after preventive mumps vaccination in
West Germany (including multiple preventive vaccinations). Monatsschr
Kinderheilkd 1989; 137(7):  398-402/ Medline ID:  90014853.

The Jeryl Lynn and Urabe vaccine strains were clearly different from each
other and from wild virus isolated from cases of non-vaccine-associated
mumps.  In contrast, viruses isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid and throat
in cases of meningitis and parotitis following vaccination with the Urabe
strain were identical to this strain.  We conclude that the vaccine was the
source of these infections.
Forsey T, Mawn JA, Yates PJ, Bentley ML, Minor PD.;  Differentiation of
vaccine and wild mumps viruses using the polymerase chain reaction and
dideoxynucleotide sequencing.  J Gen Virol 1990; 71(Pt 4): 987-90/ Medline
ID:  90218048.

The incidence of mumps vaccine-associated meningitis was 1/1000 in vaccine
recipients.  In 92% of children the incubation period was 11 to 25 days and
28% had associated swelling of the salivary glands.
Cizman M, Mozetic M, Radescek-Rakar R, Pleterski-Rigler D, Susec-Michieli M.;
Aseptic meningitis after vaccination against measles and mumps.  Pediatr
Infect Dis J 1989; 8(5): 302-8/ Medline ID:  89263453.

In fact the most common reaction to the MMR vaccination is meningitis, caused
by the memps component of the MMR vaccination.
Anonymous:  Mumps meningitis and MMR vaccination.  Lancet 1989; 2(8670)
1015-16/Medline ID:  89263453.

Infection of the testes, ovaries and other organs are not unusual, but occur
much more frequently in adults.  Deaths from mumps are rare, but much more
likely to occur in adults; about half of mumps associated deaths occur in
persons over 20 years old.
MMWR 1989; 38:388-400 Mumps Prevention

There is significant evidence that the mumps vaccine may delay the incidence
of mumps until early adulthood when it is much more dangerous.
Sullivan KM, Halpin TJ.;  Mumps disease and it's health impact:  an
outbreak-based report.  Pediatrics 1985; 76(4): 533-6/ Medline ID:  86015844.
Kaplan KM, Marder DC, Cochi SL, Preblud SR.;  Mumps in the work place,
further evidence of the changing epidemiology of a childhood vaccine
preventable disease.  JAMA 1988; 260(10):1434-8/ Medline ID: 88300940.
MMWR 1989; 38:388-400 Mumps Prevention
Arday DR, Kanjarpane DD, Kelley PW.;  Mumps in the US Army 1980-86:  Should
recruits be immunized?  Am J Public Health 1989; 79(4):471-4/ Medline ID: 
89191071.
MMWR Mumps-United States, 1985-1988; 38:101-5.

From 1971-1977, the average number of cases with mumps 15 years of age or
over was 8.3%, by 1987 this figure had risen to 38.8%.
MMWR 38:101-5.

Those individuals who do not develop a proper clinical measles with rash are
more likely to contract cancer and degenerative disease of cartilage and bone
than those do develop proper measles with rash.
Ronne T.;  Measles virus infection without rast in childhood is related to
disease in adult life. Lancet 1985; 1(8419):1-5/ Medline ID:  85085066.

In several studies the mumps vaccine was noted to have actually caused
outbreaks of mumps.  In these cases those who developed mumps as a result of
the vaccine were not included in the final analysis of the vaccine efficacy
and safety.
Henle W, Crawford MN, Henle G, Faz Tabio H, Deinhardt R, Chabau AG, Oshin
IJ.;  Studies on the prevention of mumps. Vii.  Evaluation of dosage schedule
for inactivated mumps vaccine.  J Immunology 1959; 83:17-28.
Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, Whitman JE Jr., Hilleman MR,  Live
attenuated mumps-virus vaccine.  3. Clinical and serological aspects in a
field evaluation.  N Engl J Med.  1967: 276(5);245-51/ Medline ID:   67061440.
Sugg WC, Finger JA, Levine RH, Pagano JS.;  Field evaluation of live mumps
vaccine.  J Pediatr 1968; 72(4):461-6/ Medline ID:  68231064.

Another researcher who noted the obvious manipulation of the figures stated,
"the fact that the authors manipulated the circumstances of this outbreak
'disregarding' the initial cases from calculations make their evaluation of
this experiment highly questionable". 
Hilleman MR, Weibel RE, Buynak EB.;  Live Attenuated mumps-virus vaccine. 4.
Protective efficacy as measure in a field evaluation.  N Engl J Med.  1967;
276(5):252-8/Medline ID: 67061441.

It has long been known, and reported, that mumps often breaks out in
vaccinated children and may even be the cause of atypical measles, thus
proving the vaccines lack of efficacy.
Gungy P.; 'Atypical' Measles may occur after immunization.  JAMA 1980;
243(23):  2374-5/ Medline ID:  80185299.
Fiumara NJ, Etkind PH.;  Mumps outbreak in West Wood, Massachusetts.  1981.  
Epidemiologic Notes and Reports.  MMWR 1982;  33(29):421-30.
Fiumara NJ, Etkind PH.;  Mumps disease and its health impact:  an
outbreak-based report.  Pediatrics 1985; 76(4):533-6.

It has been clearly demonstrated that while compliance to vaccination is low,
so is the incidence of mumps.  However as compliance to vaccination increase,
mainly due to mandatory vaccination, quite substantial outbreaks to mumps
started occuring.
Cochi SL, Preblud SR, Orenstein WA.;  Perspectives on the relative resurgence
of mumps in the United States.  Am J Dis. Child 1988;  142:499-507/ Medline
ID:  88191840.
Chaiken BP, Williams NM, Preblud, SR, Parkin W, Altman R.;  The effect of a
school entry law on mumps activity in a school district.  JAMA 1987;
257(18):2455-8/Medline ID:  87199103.

Pertussis

The C.D.C. A.C.I.P recommends pertussis vaccination at: 2months, 4 months, 6
months, 15 months of age, and between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

Records of 2,199 children with febrile seizures were reviewed and significant
association between first febrile seizures and the scheduled age of pertussis
immunization was noted.
Jacobson, V, Nielsen C, Buch D, Shields WD, Christenson P,
Zachau-Christiansen B, Cherry JD.;  Relationship of pertussis immunization to
the onset of epilepsy, febrile convulsions and central nervous system
infections:  a retrospective epidemiologic study.  Tokai J Exp Clin Med 1988;
13: 137-42/ Medline ID:  90232562.

It is generally presumed that children who have had reactions to
diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DPT) immunization will be more likely to have
similar reactions or more severe reactions upon subsequent immunization.  To
evaluate this contention, we studiend the rates of selected reactions
occuring within 48 hours of primary DPT immunization in 1,241 infants less
than one year of age.  Both local and systemic reactions were significantly
more frequent following subsequent DPT immunization if present following a
prior immunization.  These reactions include local redness greater than or
equal to 2.5 cm, local swelling greater than or equal to 2.5 cm, local pain,
drowsiness, fretfulness, vomiting, anorexia, fever greater than or equal to
38 degrees C (100.4 degrees F), and persistent crying.  In addition, infants
who experienced a fever greater than or equal to 38 degrees C on the first of
two immunizations were more likely to have a temperature greater than or
equal to 39 degrees C (102.2 degrees F) following the second immunization. 
This data strongly supports the presumption that children who have had
previous reactions following DPT immunization are more likely to have
similar, and possibly more severe reactions upon subsequent immunization.
Baraff LJ, Cherry JD, Cody CL, Marcy SM, Manclard CR.;  DPT vaccine
reactions: effects of prior reactions on rate of subsequent reactions.  Dev
Biol Stand 1985; 61:423-8/ Medline ID:  86221308.

Polio

The C.D.C.A.C.I.P. recommends Polio vaccination at: 2months, 4 months, 15
months of age, and between 4-6 years old (before school entry).

Contrary to popular belief, the polio vaccination program was not responsible
for the decline in the number of cases of polio.  From 1923-1953, before the
Salk Polio vaccine was introduced, the polio death rate in the United States
and England had already declined on its own by 47% and 55% respectiely.  A
similar decline was noted in European countries as well.
Anderson M.;  International Mortality Statistics:  Facts on File. 
(Washington, D.C.  1981)  pp.  177-178.

In 1954, all that was required for diagnosis of polio was two exams within
twenty-four hours showing complete or partial paralysis of one or more muscle
groups.  There were no lab results needed to confirm diagnosis.  An epidemic
was considered to be twenty or more reported cases.  In 1955, the
requirements for diagnosis of polio were changed to two exams ten to twenty
days apart, and a third exam fifty to seventy days later.  Lab test were
required to rule out Coxsackie virus aseptic meningitis.  An epidemic was
considered to be thirty-five or more reported cases.
Intensive Immunization Programs Hearings,  1962, p.  96-97.

In essence what was considered polio one year was not polio the next year. 
What was considered an epidemic one-year was not considered an epidemic the
next year.  This skewing of the figures is largely responsible for the
"so-called" decline of polio.
Alderson M.; International Mortality Statistics:  Facts on File. 
(Washington, D.C., 1981)  pp. 177-178.

Wild free polio has not existed in the United States since 1979.
MMWR 43(39):720-722, 1994.  Certification of poliomyelitis eradication-The
Americas, 1994.
MMWR 1997; 46(2):  35-40.  Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule-United
States 1997.  Centers for Disease Control.
MMWR 1986; 35:180-182.  Poliomyelitis-United States, 1975-1984.  Centers for
Disease Control.

Wild free polio has not existed in the regions of the America's (North or
South America) since 1991.  On August 20, 1994, Pan American Health
Organization (PAHO) reported that 3 years had passed since the occurrence of
the last case of poliomyelitis associated with wild polio virus isolation in
the Americas (Peru, August 1991).  It stated clearly that wild free polio
virus had been eliminated in the Western Hemisphere since 1991.  Yet the
United States still vaccinates for this disease almost two decades since it
has existed in this country and six years since it has existed anywhere in
the Western Hemisphere.
MMWR 43(39):720-722, 1994.  Certification of poliomyelitis eradication-The
Americas, 1994.
MMWR 1997; 46(2):35-40.  Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule-United
States 1997.  Centers for Disease Control.

In study of 262 children with acute polio, 176 had received unnecessary
injections less than 48 hours before paralysis.  There was also a
considerable association between the injected arm and the localization of
paralysis.
Wyatt HV, Mahadevan S, Srinivasan S.; Unnecessary injections and paralytic
polio in India.  Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992: 86(5):546-549/ Medline ID: 
93118141.

        In the movie "Broken Arrow" one character says to the other, "We have
a broken arrow."  The                                              
        Second man replies, "What is that?"   The first man says, "It's what
we call it when we lose a
        Nuclear missile."  The second man gasps and says, "I don't know what
scares me more, the fact
        That we lost a nuclear missile, or the fact that it happens so often
we have a term for it."

The C.D.C. admits that polio vaccination is the leading cause of polio
infection in the United States since 1979.  So much so, that they have given
this condition its own name, V.A.P.P. [Vaccine Associated Paralytic Polio]
Strebel PM, Sutter RW, Cochi SL, Biellik RJ, Brink EW, Kew OM, Pallansch MA,
Orenstein WA, Hinman AR.;  Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States
one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virus-associated
disease.  Clin Infect Dis 1992;14(2):568-579/Medline ID:  92208140.

During 1980-1994, state and territorial health departments reported to C.D.C,
133 confirmed cases of paralytic poliomyelitis.  Of these, 125 (94%) cases
were associated with administration of OPV.  In the remaining 8 cases (all of
which were associated foreign importation) 5 children hade evidence of full
polio immunization. 
MMWR 46(4): 78-83, 1997.  Centers for Disease Control.

During the period from 1980-1989, every case of polio, excluding the imported
cases, were caused by the vaccine, and 3 of remaining 5 cases of imported
polio occurred in persons who were fully immunized against polio.
Strebel PM, Sutter RW, Cochi SL, Biellik RJ, Brink EW, Kew OM, Pallansch MA,
Orenstein WA, Hinman AR.;  Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United states
one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virus-associated
disease.  Clin Infect Dis 1992; 14(2): 568-579/Medline ID:  92208140.

During the period of 1980-1985, there were 55 cases of paralytic polio
reported.  This does not include the cases of polio, which were non
paralytic.  It also does not include the cases that developed more than 60
days after vaccination when the children were supposed to be immune.
Nkowane BM, Wassilak SG, Orenstein WA, Bart KJ, Schonberger LB, Hinman AR,
Kew OM.;  Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis.  United States:  1973
through 1984.  JAMA 1987; 257(10):1335-40/Medline ID:  87141492.

The risk of contracting vaccine associate paralytic polio in the United
States is between 1:560,000.
Marcuse EK.;  Why wait for DPT e IPV?  Am J Dis Child 1989;  143(9):
1006-1007/Medline ID:  89371645. To 1:520,000.  The risk of contracting wild
paralytic polio in the United States is practically zero.
Nkowand BM, Wassilak SG, Orenstein WA, Bart KJ, Schonberger LB, Hinman AR,
Kew OM.;  Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis.  United States:  1973
through 1984.  JAMA 1987;257(10):1335-1340/Medline ID:  87141492.

                        "We'll plunge into darkness, into the hands of harm,
when science and
                        the devil walk arm in arm."  D Koontz 1994
The polio vaccine is synthesized on the kidney tissues of dead monkeys. 
Monkeys are widely known to carry high numbers of animal (simian)
retroviruses. (SV1-SV40).  A 1973 study by Baguley and Glasgow reported, "The
Salk vaccine is likely to have contained live SV-40 viruses."  [SV-40 is a
monkey virus that has been proven to cause cancer in humans.]
Baguley DM, Glasgow GL.;  Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and the Salk
vaccine.  Lancet 1973; 2:763-765/ Medline ID:  74007258.

Results of several studies show that millions of children were infected with
SV-40 during the course of vaccination with formalinized polio, and
adenovirus vaccines, with tragic long-term consequences.
Baguley DM, Glasgow GL.;  Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and the Salk
vaccine.  Lancet 1973; 2:763-765/Medline ID:  74007258.
Shah KV, Daniel RW, Warszawski RM.;  High prevalence of antibodies to Bk
virus, an sv40-related paovavirus, in residents of Maryland.  J Infect Dis
1973; 128(6):784-787/ Medline ID: 74062674.
Weiner LP, Herndon RM, Narayan O, Johnson RT, Shah K, Rubinstein LJ, Preziosi
TJ, Conley FK.;  Isolation of virus related to sv40 from patients with
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.  N Engl J Med 1972;
286(8):385-390/Medline ID:  72094940.

Yet another report has confirmed a high prevalence of antibodies to an SV-40
related papovavirus, BK virus, in Maryland residents.
Shah KV, Daniel RW, Warszawski RM.;  High prevalence of antibodies to Bk
virus, and sv40-related papovavirus, in residents in Maryland.  J Infect Dis
1973; 128(6):784-787/Medline ID:  74062674.

This is further evidence that while pharmaceutical companies were mandated to
ensure that all vaccines were free from retroviruses, it has not been done,
or can not be done.
Weiner LP, Herndon RM, Narayan O, Johnson RT.;  Further studies of a simian
virus 40-like virus isolated from human brain. J Virol 1972; 10(1):147-149/
Medline ID:  72226340.

A link between polio vaccine and the origin of AIDS has been established.  In
the late 1970's-early 1980's male homosexuals with genital herpes were being
treated with polio vaccines.  Reverse transcriptase analysis of the released
vaccine has shown positive for Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), a
retrovirus virus in monkeys almost identical to human HIV.
Kyle WS.;  Simian retroviruses, polio vaccine and the origin of AIDS.  Lancet
1992;339(8739(:600-601/Medline ID:  92167722.


Rubella

The C.D.C.A.C.I.P. recommends Rubella vaccination at: 15 months of age and
between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

Rubella is a non-threatening to children.  However, it is dangerous to
pregnant women in first timester of pregnancy.  Rubella vaccination has been
known to cause skin rash, lymphadenopathy, transient arthritis, pain
syndromes in the wrists, hands and knee's accompanied by a crouch and
myeloradiculoneuritis.
Cooper LZ, Ziring PR, Weiss HJ, Matters BA, Krugman S.;  Transient arthritis
after rubella vaccination.  Am J Dis Child;  1969; 118(2):218-225/Medline ID:
69236313.
Kilroy AW, Shcaffner W, Fleet WF, Jr., Lefkowitz LB, Jr., Karzon DT, Fenichel
GM.;  Two syndromes following rubella immunzation.  JAMA
1970;214(13):2287-2292/ Medline ID:  71060726.
Gilmartin RC, Jabbour JT, Duernas DA.; Rubella vaccine myeloradiculoneuritis.
J Pediatrics 1972; 80(3):406-412/ Medline ID:  72114684.
Spruance SL, Klock SE, Bailey JR, Smith CB.;  Recurrent joint symptoms in
children vaccinated with hpv-77dk12 rubella vaccine. J Pediatrics 1972;
80(3):413-417/Medline ID:  72114685.
Chantler JK, Ford DK, Tingle AJ.;  Persistent rubella infection and rubella
associated arthritis.  Lancet 1982; 1(8285):1323-1325/Medline ID:  82218538.

Regarding the use of vaccines by physicians it has been reported that OB/GYN
physicians hold the lowest vaccination rates.  Of those known by blood test
to be "susceptible" less than 10% submitted to vaccination.  The next lowest
rate of vaccination compliance occurred among Pediatricians.  The reason
cited for the physicians refusal to be vaccinated was "Fear of unforeseen
vaccine reaction, of particular concern was Gullain-Barre Syndrome."
Orenstein WA, Heseltine PN, LeGagnoux SJ, Portnoy B.;  Rubella vaccine and
susceptible hospital employees.  Poor physician participation.  JAMA 1981;
245(7):711-713/Medline ID:  81120098.

When reports appeared that antibody titers decreased shortly after routine
childhood immunization several experts argued against childhood immunization.
Stating it was more appropriate to immunize adults not infants.  Especially
because it has been shown that children are not the primary source for
infection.
Fulginiti VA.;  Controversies in current immunization policies and practice
Curr Probl Pediatr 1976; 6(6):3-25/Medline ID:  76256532.
Sieber OF, Fuginiti VA.;  Is adult immunization more appropriate than
immunization of infants.  Pediatrics 1977;(4):562-563/Medline ID:  78011373.
Schoenbaum SC, Biano S, Mack T.; Epidemiology of congenital rubella syndrome:
the role of maternal parity.  JAMA 1975; 233(2):151-155/Medline ID:  75172461.


Rubella vaccine efficacy has been estimated at less than 77%.
Hough JC, Walker RB, Brough JW.;  Rubella serconversion following
immunization in a rural practice.  J Fam Pract 1979; 9(4):587-589/Medline ID:
80007965.

In fact the antibody levels already dropped to less than ½ just 4 years after
vaccination.  The lack of efficacy of the Rubella vaccine has long been noted.
Rauh JL, Schiff GM, Johnson LB.;  Rubella surveillance and immunization among
adolescent girls.  Am J Dis Child 1972; 124(1):71-5/Medline ID:  72206791.
Klock LE, Rachelefsky GS.;  Failure of rubella herd immunity during an
epidemic.  N Engl J Med 1973; 288(2);69-72/Medline ID:  73051787.
Rachelefsky GS, Herrmann KL.;  Congential rubella surveillance following
epidemic rubella in a partially vaccinated community.  J Pediatrics 1974;
84(4):474-478/Medline ID:  73051787.
Modlin JF, Witte JJ, Campbell CC.;  A review of five years experience with
rubella vaccine in the United States.  Pediatrics 1975; 55(1):20-29/Medline
ID:  75083167.

It has also long been noted that outbreaks of rubella very rarely occur in
unvaccinated populations.
Horstmann DM, Liebhaber H, Le Bouvier GL,  Rosenberg DA, Halstead SB.; 
Rubella:  infection of vaccinated and naturally immune persons exposed in an
epidemic.  N Engl J Med 1970;283(15):771-778/Medline ID:  70283700.
Abrutyn E, Herrmann KL, Karchmer AW, Friedman JP, Page E, Witte JJ.;  Rubella
vaccine comparative study: nine months follow up and serologic response to
natural challenge. Am J Dis Child 1970 120(2):129-133/Medline ID:  70280620.
Chang TW, DesRosier S, Weinstein L.;  Clinical and serological studies of an
outbreak of rubella in a vaccinated population.  N Engl J Med 1970;
285(5):246/Medline ID:  70217536.

A 1980 study stated, despite distribution of over 83 million doses of Rubella
vaccine since 1969, there were periodic up swings in incidence.
Cherry JD.;  The 'New' epidemiology of measles and rubella.  Hospital
Practice 1989; 49-57.

Since natural Rubella is almost benign and confers better immunity than the
vaccine, but without additional risks, rubella vaccination is not justifies
in young children.
Joncas JH.;  Preventing the congenital rubella syndrome by vaccinating women
at risk.  Can Med Assoc J 1983; 129(2): 110-112/Medline ID:  83232542.

Tetanus

The C.D.C. A.C.I.P. recommends Tetanus vaccination at 2 months, 4 months, 6
months, 15 months of age, and between 4-6 years old (before school entry).
MMWR Jan 11, 1991, Vol. 40, No. RR-1, pp. 1-7.

During the period 1989-1990, 117 cases of tetanus were reported from 34
states, for an average annual incidence of 0.02/100,000 population. 
Fifty-eight percent of patients were 60 years of age or older, while only
seven (6%) were less than 20 years of age.
Prevots R, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Cochi SL, Hadler S.;  Tetanus
surveillance-United States, 1989-1990, MMWR CDC Surveillance Summary 41:8,
1-9, Dec. 11, 1992/Medline ID:  93148969.