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DR. HERSKOWITZ'S LECTURE IN
(This paper has been edited with the author's consent.) DR. HERSKOWITZ: "Man is born free and everywhere, he is in chains. How did this change, come about? I do not know." These are the opening lines of Jean Jacques Rousseau's social contract. In the course of this lecture, I hope that you will find at least a partial answer to this question. The key is the process of armoring. It followed Reich's emphasis on character analysis, and he came to recognize that character is represented in the body as well as in behavior, that emotional repression is simultaneously a somatic as well as a psychological event. Great novelists have recognized this and have generally characterized character in the form of bodily terms: the individual who draws in his breath when events are overwhelming, the angry man who walks around with a tight jaw, and the stubborn person who has a stiff neck. These are all recognized by all of us, and all of us respond to them in our reactions to other individuals. Armoring converts free laughter into a cackle or a twitter; it may cause a woman to speak in a little girl's voice. It does not merely change a function by degree but also by time; it renders behavior more predictable, more stereotyped, armoring puts life in constraint. Armoring is most often revealed in muscular tension, but it is also revealed in eyes that are glazed, in excessive body contact, etc. It is a dynamic event, and it entails a consumption of energy. It constrains us physically, emotionally, and ideationally. It is a cocoon to which we gradually become accustomed. Reich viewed all living systems as pulsating. In the mammal,
there are many individual pulsations encompassed within the overall pulse
of charge with energy, and discharge with energy. There is the heart's
pulse, the lung's pulse, the gastrointestinal pulse, the brain's pulse,
and so forth. Armoring narrows the pulsation from aliveness to all aspects
of existence to, in the worst case, living at a level of near existence. The heavily armored individual fears expansion and pleasure gives him anxiety.
Armoring blocks the flow of natural impulses and bends them to new purposes,
just as light is bent when it hits glass or water, so armoring bends
impulses that come from our core and changes them into another direction. For example, the natural aggression of a child whose parents cannot tolerate
that aggression and punish him for it turns, when he armors, that punishment
into anger, hatred, sneakiness, or other manifestations which Reich called
his secondary manifestations. And these are covered over, by what Reich
called his superficial layer, that is, the layer that meets society. Therefore,
his secondary layer might be covered over by compliance, politeness, by characterlogical rigidity, or other kinds of cover-ups. Thus the orgonomist
uses the term personality not in terms of id, ego and super ego, but in
terms of core impulses, secondary layer, and superficial layer. In our
therapy, we treat patients going in the opposite direction - from how it
was formed. We start with treating character as it's revealed in the superficial
layer. When we reveal that and uncover that, we get to the manifestations
of the secondary layer and, if we can manage to unburden the individual
of the secondary layer impulses, we finally arrive at the natural core.
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