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A singularity is a region of
space-time in which gravitational forces are so strong that even general
relativity, the well-proven gravitational theory of Einstein, and the best
theory we have for describing the structure of the universe, breaks down
there. A singularity marks a point where the curvature of space-time is
infinite, or, in other words, it possesses zero volume and infinite
density. General relativity demands that singularities arise under two
circumstances. First, a singularity must form during the creation of a
black hole. When a very massive star reaches the end of its life, its
core, which was previously held up by the pressure of the nuclear fusion
that was taking place, collapses and all the matter in the core gets
crushed out of existence at the singularity. Second, general relativity
shows that under certain reasonable assumptions, an expanding universe
like ours must have begun as a singularity.
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