> Hi Joseph et al!
>
> I was wondering how long it would be before someone
> mentioned that....<g>...flame speakers have been around
> since the 1800's....after all, flame is ionized so by
> using an electrostatic modulation, its a simple
> matter to jerk it back and forth at audio rates.
>
> They were even sold commercially as speakers back in the
> 1960's/1970's...I used to know a lawyer who had a pair
> he paid something like $1500 for them...they used propane
> gas to produce a flame, had two electrostatic deflection
> plates and a cavity to reflect the sound....the response
> is said to be from 0 up to light...<g>...I never heard
> them in operation.
>
> I don't the efficiency of those would be sufficient to
> fulfill the needs of the original post...everything
> resonates to every frequency, but is most efficient when
> near resonance....so even piezo transducers can carry all
> the frequencies you would need and would of course have
> a 'Q' at their maximum resonance.
>
> The Chladni tables, akin to the early 'eidophones', had
> sound sung or spoken into a horn that focused the sound
> onto a plate so it could vibrate and move sound and form
> the beautiful geometries now called 'cymatics'...so a
> speaker under such a surface or a piezo affixed to it
> could be driven to produce the many fascinating patterns.
>
> Of course one or more FIXED tones will generate very stable
> geometries although altering their relationships to each
> other will produce motion and even patterns such as swirls,
> expansion, etc...as so beautifully shown by the late Dr.
> Hans Jenny and more recently by Russian scientist Dr. Yuri
> Ivanov as posted here;
>
> http://216.60.190.54/spider/b-100e.htm
>
> another related post (after a fashion);
>
> http://www.escribe.com/science/keelynet/index.html?mID=2350
> t
>
> There are many marvelous ideas and devices that have long
> been lost or forgotten....such as 'musical fountains' where
> water jets spray at audio rates to make music simply as
> long as the fountain runs.
>
> Joseph Hiddink wrote:
> >
> > I remember reading something about the "Singing
> > Flame" in old Radio/Electronics magazines, and
> > that was already in the twenties or thirties. I
> > believe I read it in Hugo Gernsback Magazine.
> > So, how come that Nasa invented that?
> > Joe Hiddink vliegschotel@yahoo.com
> >
> > --- MILLENNIUM PROJECT <infonet@home.com> wrote:
> > > I searched nasa's site and couldn't find
> > > anything about flame speakers.I
> > > found one page with a definition of a flame
> > > speaker.Nothing else
> > > yet.Heres the page I found
> > >
> > http://www.exploratorium.edu/xref/exhibits/flame_speaker.html
> > > This website has some intresting index.
> > >
> > >
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> > > Warren writes:
> > > Yes, that is it. I will try and find my files
> > > on it and cut you a
> > > copy with diagrams. E-mail me if I should
> > > forget.
> > >
> > >
> > >
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