Copper Magnetic Compression
Meat Truck ( (no email) )
Sat, 3 Oct 1998 14:19:13 -0500
Back in 1988 when Newmans motor was making news I decided to try my
hand at building a copper magnetic motor. For the magnets I used 4 in by 6
in by 1 in ceramic magnets. Eight of these were stacked, four on each side
of a square steel piece of similar dimensions. The steel center had a hole
drilled to accommodate an axle. Threaded aluminum rod and and endplates
insured this 50 lb magnetic rotor would not come apart on rotation. This
then was about 10 in length.
The coils were 20,000 winds of 23 gauge @ 1000 ohms. The first
objection to Newmans method of construction is that he places the rotor in
the side area of the coil noting that if the rotor is in the polar area a
cancellation effect takes place. Nevertheless the polar area has the
strongest effect on the rotor, or so I thought. An interesting experiment
is to rotate the magnet on both side and polar models and to observe the
induced currents on an oscilloscope. From what I thought I noticed was
that on the side model the induced currents were in phase with the flux
change through the coil made by the rotating magnet. On the polar model
these currents seemed to be 90 degrees out of phase with the flux change.
Thus the side model seemed to show a resonant output.
Now when dc current is applied to the coil in the side model
configuration that Newman commonly uses, the strongest torque or force on
the magnet occurs halfway in the 180 degree motion of the rotors magnetic
alignment. This is when the rotor is at a horizontal or ninety degree
position to the coil. When the rotor is vertical a polarity change on the
"field" coil is needed to continue the next 180 degrees of rotor movement.
This of course is the job of the commutator. Now the first idea to improve
things was to put coils on both sides of the rotor to double the force on
the rotor at max.torque position. Secondly it was desirous to have a second
set of coils that could turn on at their maximum torque position placed
sideways respective to the rotors verticle postion. Thus 4 field coils
could be used with only 2 functioning at any given moment, and the rotor
could then be subjected a better overall torque during its 360 degrees of
rotation. Along with this system a special independent commutation system
was concieved in which three corevolving cylinders (similar to the old
syle washing machines) would appropriately deliver the current to the
correct system at the correct polarity.Input went to the center roller and
outpts to the ends and vice versa. The beauty of this proposed system was
that the blinking of power into the coils could be made independent of the
magnets rotation, which conventional commutator design does not allow.This
blinking would be solely regulated by the rpm of the three cylindrical
design, which can be driven independently of the rotors rpm. Also
non-linear separation speed of contacts helped to deal with induction
arcing problems. But if I havent confused everyone by now let me get back
to the point I am trying to make.
During the building of the structure to hold the four coils, (they
weighed 80 lb.s apiece), a monumental oversight was noted. The length of
the coils were 13 inches. That meant that after two coils were placed
alongside the 10 inch rotor. the top and bottom coils would not fit in a
sideways position. So what was done was to place them in a polar position.
This then was an experimental field configuration employing both side and
polar positions. These 4 coils were then wired in series and a most
remarkable thing was noted about how the rotor reacted to these combined
fields. With a polar model the strongest torque is obviously that when the
poles of the rotor came closest to the poles of the field coils. In the
hybrid 4 coil model this is not the case! The strongest torque occurred
when the rotor was perpendicular to the side model coils, but in a
direction opposite to its normal action! This would be at the rotors
vertical configuration in conjunction with the primitive drawing below.
____
N____S
_____ ____
S_____N S____N
____
N____S
The significance of this field configuration is such that when the
operation is reversed,(in generator action)so that the magnet revolves and
its output wave is observed on an oscilloscope, it resembles more of a
square wave than a sine wave.
Imagine again that the rotor,(which is not shown) exists in the middle
open area between the four field coils. If it is verticle with north up it
will have the strongest torque during this moment,which will be in the
clockwise direction. This is what I observed . If the left and right polar
coils now shut off the weaker side action magnetic force comes into play
from the top and bottom coils. The significance of what I am saying is that
this side action exerts a torque in the OPPOSITE direction or
counterclockwise, but at a much weaker magnitude. What this implies is that
a magnet can be continually rotated without polarity reversals on the
field coils. Magnetic compression can serve to create the same function. In
that kind of system all 4 coils are on for 180 degress of revolution and
the 2 polar coils shut off for the 2nd 180 degrees. That system is very
inefficient however. To summarize: When the actions of the pole model and
side model are placed together we find that individually the pole system
would drive the magnets in a opposite direction than the side system would
drive them alone. We would therefore expect the side model to exert a
torque in the opposite direction on the rotor. But what actually happens is
that the torque is added instead of subtracted as to deliver a field
configuration that delivers more torque than either system alone. At 1000
volts I was able to attain 400 rpm of this 50 lb rotor using the above
field configuration, which I recorded on tape. Think I'll go look on the
dusty book shelf for that one.
Sincere in the work H Norris mnorris@akron.infi.net